War of the Worlds
Notes:make earth seem so small
humans studied by unsympathetic creatures
1939 - great disillutionment
no more war scare, business better, men at work
Oct 30 = 32 million people listening on radios
normal weather report and song played (like normal radio broadcast)
interrupt broadcast about hydrogen gas explosions in mars
Ramon Raquelos band interrupted. plays songs
meterological bureu needs to watch mars for anythinge else weird
plays bands again
princeton u in jersey. Carl Phillips in pitch black observatory with pro Peterson
watching mars through telescope
stripes = a canal. no living chance on mars.. 1000 to 1
mars is 40 million miles from earth
someone just handed prof Peterson (world famous astronomer) received messagefrom Dr. Grey of the Natural history museum ny
seismograph received earthquake thing just 20 miles outta princeton
more music plays
20 explosions on Mars detected frmo Canada
8:50pm fell on Grovers mill NJ appeared to be a meterorite
heard all teh way fromElizabeth
Bobby Millet and his orchestra play
Grovers Mill, NJ
Carl Phillips there.. very windy. half buried in a pit
object does not look like meteor. looks like huge cylinder. diameter about 30 yards. Prof asks "Whats that"? as if he didn't hear
you hear crowd at site
step closer please, closer and louder please, pardon me, louder please
interview seems real. constant interruptions, questions, wrong questions, cuts him off
humming osund from inside the object worsened.. people cant hear it at first. scraping noise
metal casing extraterrestial
end opens.. rotates, is hallow
hear crowd yelling when it opens, keeps those idiots lose
see aliens with tentacles. large as bear. describes it coming out little by little. eyes black gleam like serpant. monster can hardly move. weighed down by gravity
crowd falls back
music
eyewitness on whats happen in the williams farm in grovers mil nj
carl phillips. seems a bit out of breathe.. ladies and gentlemen, ladies and gentlmen..
seems to describe changing thigns, crowd moving back, prof moving aorund one side. captain and two police go around with something in hands.
strikes head on. you hear scream. gets cut off
san diego cali speaking on cali astronomical society. sever volcanic disturbances on mars
piano interlude
grovers mill by tele
40 people lie dead. bodies burned and distorted beyond all recognition
state militia at trenton nj.
counties of mercer and middle sx, as far west of princeton and eat og jamesburg / cannot cross. unless military or state authorities. homes must evacuate. gen montgomery smith
aliens went back into pit. let fire people stop fire and help bodies
hold on one minute
back to Prof Peterson/pearson? talks from farm nex tto grovers mill.
does not know why aliens are here. heat ray weapon. scientific knowledge advances us
fires under control
militia has rifles and machine guns. aliens wont reappear
officia;.. battle at grovers mill
120 known survivors. grovers mill to plainsborough dead
mosnters control of middlesex nj. communications down from PA to Atlantic ocean\
enemy confined in small area. hope in military and God.
nation united and courageous to help them
human supremacy on earth, fight for it
secretary of teh itnerior from washington
heat ray on powerlines nad electrical equipment in central jersey
enemy will be reinforced
profesor pearson afraid to be lost in recent battle
somerville
basking ridge
great swamp twenty miles south of morristown
winfield
bulletin from long island, ny
watchung mountains
passaic river into jersey marshes
objective is nyc
pushing down power station
yells, excitement, gets cutoff
bayone nj calling lamden field
newark nj poisonous black smoke
automobiles use route 7, 23, 24
no more defense, army, artillery, air force is wiped out
may be the last broadcast. will stay til teh end
voice seems lost of hope
First Twenty minutes vs. The rest:
The first twenty minutes plays music; the station seems to be trying to keep a more relaxed, regular radio atmosphere. In the beginning, they did not believe that the extraterrestrial creatures were there. They thought that it was just a meteorite. However, after the first twenty minutes, they realized that it was something more. Professor Peterson/Pearson was at first a nonbeliever, and spoke on behalf of astromers in saying that a meterorite was sighted. He later said that a meteorite crashed on a farm. After the first twenty minutes of the radio broadcast, he visited the farm, and proclaimed that it was an unidentified object. The rest of the broadcast followed this idea. Soon the extraterrestrial's left their space craft and caused some damage. Rather than the radio broadcast be about the music, with a few short bulletins about the "meteor", the broadcast became based on the story of the invading aliens.
Good Disclaimer?By the time the disclaimer towards the end of the broadcast came, most of the listeners were probably running away scared. Disclaimers should be at the beginning of broadcasts, and maybe even repeat a couple of times throughout the broadcast. The disclaimer did not even attract attention. Even if the listeners were still listening by some chance, they would probably be staring, scared, thinking about the invasion.
Places NamedPrinceton University
Natural History Museum in NY
Canada
Grovers Mill, NJ
Somerville
Basking Ridge
Great Swamp twenty miles south of morristown
Winfield
Long Island, NY
Watchung Mountains
Passaic River
Jersey marshes
Reaction to Chapter Four
I thought that it was very interesting to read about all of the problems and deaths that could have been prevented if radio messages were sent. The opening story about the spilling of the anhydrous ammonia in Minot, ND sparked my interest. A man died by simply walking outside and breathing in the air. I was surprised to find out how powerful the radio monopolies are, and how unthoughtful those monopolies can be. I can't believe that thousands of people were treated and many hospitalized because the local police were not able to get in touch with any of six radio stations. Similarly, I am glad that wireless reports were able to get through to help pinpoint the
Titanic's location after it sank, even though I think that it was a failed message that caused the ship to hit the ice berg in the first place. It amazed me that the radio was invented by a twenty-year old. I learned about Marconi in history; however, I had no idea that he was self-educated and used Hertz's and Morse's past inventions to create the radio. Italy must be very sad that they would not patent Marconi's invention.
I enjoyed reading about the start of the National Public Radio and the Public Broadcasting Service to use the radio and television as educational tools. I remember growing up and loving the shows on PBS. In fact, I am proud to say that I still watch
Arthur on PBS at my older age. =)
Vocabulary :
---from Chapter Four in Media & Culture: an introduction to mass communication (fifth edition) by Richard Campbell, Christopher R. Martin, and Bettina Fabos
1. telegraph: invented in the 1840s, it sent electrical impulses through a cable from a transmitter to a reception point, transmitting Morse code
2. Morse code: a system of sending electrical impulses from a transmitter through a cable to a reception point; developed by the American inventor Samuel Morse
3. electromagnetic waves: invisible electronic impulses similar to visible light; electricity, magnetism, light, broadcast signals, and heat are part of such waves, which radiate in space at the speed of light
4. radio waves: a portion of the electromagnetic wave spectrum that was harnessed so that signals could be sent from a transmission point and obtained at a reception point
5. wireless telegraphy: the forerunner of radio, a form of voiceless point-to-point communication; it preceded the voice and sound transmissions of one-to-many mass communication that became known as broadcasting
6. wireless telephony: early experiments in wireless voice and music transmissions, which later developed into modern radio
7. broadcasting: the transmission of radio waves or TB signals to a broad public audience
8. narrowcasting: any specialized electronic programming or media channel aimed at a target audience
9. Radio Act of 1912: the first radio legislation passed by Congress, it addressed the problem of amateur radio operators increasingly cramming the airwaves
10. Radio Corporation of America (RCA): a company developed during WWI that was designed, with government approval, to pool radio patents; the formation of the RCA gave the US almost total control over the emerging mass medium of broadcasting
11. network: a broadcast proves that links, through special phone lines or satellite transmissions, groups of radio or TV stations that share programming produced at a central location
12. option time: now considered illegal, a procedure whereby a radio network paid an affiliate station a set fee per hour for an option to control programming and advertising on that station
13. Radio Act of 1927: the second radio legislation passed by Congress; in an attempt to restore order to the airwaves, it stated that licensees did not own their channels but could license them as long as they operated in order to serve the "public interest, convenience, or necessity"
14. Federal Communications Act of 1934: the far-reaching act that established the FCC and the federal regulatory structure for US broadcasting
15. Federal Radio Commission (FRC): established in 1927 to oversee radio licenses and negotiate channel problems
16. Federal Communications Commission (FCC): an independent US government agency charged with regulating interstate and international communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable
17: transistors: invented by Bell Laboratories in 1947, this tiny technology, which receives and amplifies radio signals, made portable radios possible
18: FM: frequency modulation; a type of radio and sound transmission that offers a static-less reception and greater fidelity and clarity than AM radio by accentuating the pitch or distance between radio waves
19. AM: amplitude modulation; a type of radio and sound transmission that stresses the column or height of radio waves
20: format radio: the concept of radio stations developing and playing specific styles (or formats) geared to listeners' age, race, or gender; in format radio, management rather than deejays, controls programming choices
21. rotation: in format radio programming, the practice of playing the most popular or best-selling songs many times throughout the day
22. payola: the unethical (but not always illegal) practice of record promoters paying deejays or radio programmers to favor particular songs over others
23. pay-for-pay: up-front payments from record companies to radio stations to play a song a specific number of times
24. drive time: in radio programming, the periods between 6 ad 10 A.M and 4 and 7 P.M., when people are commuting to and from work or school; these periods constitute the largest listening audiences of the day
25. news/talk format: the fastest-growing radio format in the 1990s
26. adult contemporary (AC): one of the oldest and most popular radio music formats, typically featuring a mix of news, talk, oldies, and soft rock
27. contemporary hit radio (CHR): originally called Top 40 radio, this radio format encompasses everything from hip-hop to children's songs; it remained the most popular format in radio for people age eighteen to twenty-four
28. country: claiming the largest number of radio stations in the US, this radio format includes such subdivisions as old-time, progressive, country-rock, western swing, and country-gospel
29. urban: one of radio's more popular formats, primarily targeting African American listeners in urban areas with dance, R&B, and hip-hop music
30. album-oriented rock (AOR): the radio music format that features album cuts from mainstream rock bands
31. 1996 Telecommunications Act: the sweeping update of telecommunications law that led to a wave of media consolidation
32. National Public Radio (NPR): noncommercial radio established in 1967 by the US Congress to provide an alternative to commercial radio
33. Public Broadcasting Service (PBS): the noncommercial television network established in 1967 as an alternative to commercial television
34. Public Broadcasting Act of 1967: the act by the US Congress that established the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, which oversees the Public Broadcasting Service and National Public Radio
35. Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB): a private, nonprofit corporation created by Congress in 1967 to funnel federal funds to nonprofit radio and public television
36. Pacifica Foundation: a radio broadcasting foundation established in Berkeley, CA, by journalist and WWII pacifist Lewis Hill; he established KPFA, the first nonprofit community radio station in 1949
37. low power FM (LPFM): a new class of noncommercial radio stations approved by the FCC in 2000 to give voice to local groups lacking access to public airwaves; the 10-watt and 100-watt stations broadcast to a small, community-based area
38. Internet radio: online radio stations that either "stream" simulcast versions of on-air radio broadcasts over the Web, or are created exclusively for the Internet
39. satellite radio: pay radio services that deliver various radio formats nationally via satellite
